Q: I see so many skin care products labeled for different skin types, but I'm not even sure what mine is. How can I tell, and why does it matter?
A: Understanding your skin type is essential for choosing the right skin care routine and products. Using products that don't suit your skin can cause dryness, breakouts, irritation or lackluster results.
There are five basic skin types: normal, dry, oily, combination and sensitive. Normal skin is well-balanced, producing just enough oil to stay hydrated and feel comfortable. Dry skin often feels tight or rough after cleansing and can appear flaky. Oily skin looks shiny and feels greasy, especially in the T-zone, and can be prone to acne. Combination skin has both oily and dry areas, typically oily in the forehead, nose and chin. Sensitive skin reacts easily, becoming itchy, red or irritated.
One way to get a sense of your skin type is to wash your face with a gentle cleanser and wait about an hour without applying anything else. If your skin feels tight or looks dull, you may have dry skin. If it feels slick or you notice shine, you may have oily skin. If it's both oily in some places and dry in others, you probably have combination skin. If your skin starts to sting, burn or turn red easily after using certain products, sensitivity may be a factor.
Knowing your skin type helps you select products that support your skin's needs. For example, oily skin benefits from foaming cleansers and lightweight moisturizers, while dry skin responds better to richer creams and hydrating ingredients like hyaluronic acid. Sensitive skin usually requires gentle, fragrance-free products to avoid flare-ups.
Remember, your skin type can change over time due to factors like age, climate, hormones and medications. If you're unsure or have ongoing concerns, consult a dermatologist for personalized advice and treatment recommendations.
Dr. Emily Delaney is a board-certified dermatologist with Four Bridges Dermatology & Cosmetics and is a member of the Chattanooga-Hamilton County Medical Society.